Inns, Donald, Katsoulidis, Alexandros, Rosseinsky, Matthew and Rao, Kasanneni Tirumala Venkateswara (2026) Phthalic anhydride synthesis from maleic anhydride and furan over a heterogeneous cesium-exchanged phosphotungstic acid catalyst. [Data Collection]
Description
The catalytic production of sustainable monomers from biomass is needed to de-fossilise the chemical industry. Herein, phthalic anhydride was produced using a two-step methodology: (i) Diels-Alder addition of furan and maleic anhydride and (ii) catalytic dehydration of the Diels-Alder adduct. We show that Cs-exchanged phosphotungstic acid (CsxH3-xPW12O40) catalysts are effective at the second step catalytic dehydration, achieving high yields (94-95%) of phthalic anhydride over optimal Cs1.5H1.5PW12O40 and Cs2H1PW12O40 catalysts at 50 °C for 1 h with acetic anhydride. The catalysts were shown to be tolerant to methyl-substituted Diels-Alder adducts, demonstrating high potential for wide substrate scope. The high surface acidity of these catalysts is proposed to be key in achieving high selectivity in the optimal catalysts. The catalysts were shown retain their crystallinity under the reaction conditions. This class of CsxH3-xPW12O40 catalysts improve the viability of the production of phthalic anhydride from bio-derived sources.
| Keywords: | Catalysis, Acid Catalysis, Monomer synthesis, Biomass |
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| Date Deposited: | 18 Aug 2026 10:26 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Aug 2026 10:28 |
| DOI: | 10.17638/datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/3108 |
| URI: | https://datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3108 |
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