READ ME File For 'A green versatile platform for synthesising renewable ether-based thermoplastic elastomers' Dataset DOI: Date that the readme file was created: 8 June 2026 ------------------- GENERAL INFORMATION ------------------- ReadMe Authors: Sungkwon Yoon, Queen's University Belfast; Charlie Bateman and Biqiong Chen, University of Liverpool Date of data collection: 1 November 2022 - 8 May 2026 Information about geographic location of data collection (if relevant); Belfast and Liverpool, United Kingdom Related projects: Sustainable Manufacturing of Circular Economy Elastomer Products, supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/W018977/1] ------------------- PROJECT INFORMATION ------------------- Funder Name: Engineering and Physical Research Council Project Number or Identifier: EP/W018977/1 ------------------- CONTACT INFORMATION ------------------- Author information Name: Sungkwon Yoon ORCID: 0000-0002-7385-0730 Institution: Queen's University Belfast Email: s.yoon@qub.ac.uk Author information Name: Charlie Bateman ORCID: 0000-0002-1967-9282 Institution: University of Liverpool Email: Charlie.Bateman@liverpool.ac.uk Principal Investigator information Name: Biqiong Chen ORCID: 0000-0002-6465-2871 Institution: University of Liverpool Email: biqiong.chen@liverpool.ac.uk -------------------------- SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION -------------------------- Licenses/restrictions placed on the data, or limitations of reuse: CC BY Recommended citation for the data: Use the journal citation below. This dataset supports the publication: AUTHORS: Sungkwon Yoon, Charlie Bateman, James J. C. Busfield, Peter J. Martin and Biqiong Chen TITLE: A green versatile platform for synthesising renewable ether-based thermoplastic elastomers JOURNAL: Green Chemistry PAPER DOI IF KNOWN: DOI: 10.1039/D6GC00989A -------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW -------------------- This dataset contains: File list: Polyether paper dataset_Cover page - Provides information regarding the title and authors of the article Polyether paper dataset_Polyether NMR - Provides the data for NMR analysis in Fig. 1c and d, as well as Supplementary Fig. S2 Polyether paper dataset_Polyether FTIR - Provides the data for FTIR analysis in Fig. 1e and Supplementary Fig. S3 Polyether paper dataset_Polyether GPC - Provides the data for GPC analysis in Supplementary Fig. S4 Polyether paper dataset_TPU NMR - Provides the data for NMR analysis in Fig. 2b and Supplementary Fig. S6 Polyether paper dataset_TPU FTIR - Provides the data for FTIR analysis in Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. S7 Polyether paper dataset_TPU GPC - Provides the data for GPC analysis in Supplementary Fig. S8 Polyether paper dataset_TPU UV-vis - Provides the data for UV-vis analysis in Supplementary Fig. S9 Polyether paper dataset_TPU DSC - Provides the data for DSC analysis in Fig. 2d and Supplementary Fig. S10 Polyether paper dataset_TPE XRD - Provides the data for XRD analysis in Supplementary Fig. S11 Polyether paper dataset_Chemical stability - Provides the data for the chemical stability test in Supplementary Table S4 Polyether paper dataset_TPU TGA - Provides the data for TGA in Fig. 2e, as well as Supplementary Fig. S13 Polyether paper dataset_TPU tensile results - Provides the data for the tensile test results in Fig. 3b and c, as well as Supplementary Fig. S14 and S15 Polyether paper dataset_TPU cyclic tensile results - Provides the data for the cyclic tensile test results in Fig. 3d and f, as well as Supplementary Fig. S16 Polyether paper dataset_TPU compression set - Provides the data for the compression set results in Fig. 3e Polyether paper dataset_TPU DMA - Provides the data for DMA in Fig. 4a and b, as well as Supplementary Fig. S17 Polyether paper dataset_TPU rheology test - Provides the data for the rheology test results in Fig. 4c and d, as well as Supplementary Fig. S18 Polyether paper dataset_TPU die swell simulation using five models - Provides the data for the simulation results in Fig. 4e and f, as well as Supplementary Fig. S19 Polyether paper dataset_TPU die swell simulation using PTT model - Provides the data for the simulation results in Supplementary Fig. S20 Polyether paper dataset_TPU tubing tensile result - Provides the data for the tensile test result of a tubing in Supplementary Fig. S22 Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE NMR - Provides the data for NMR analysis in Supplementary Fig. S25a Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE FTIR - Provides the data for FTIR analysis in Supplementary Fig. S25b Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE DSC - Provides the data for DSC analysis in Supplementary Fig. S26a and b Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE TGA - Provides the data for TGA in Supplementary Fig. S26c Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE DMA - Provides the data for DMA in Supplementary Fig. S26d and e Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE tensile results - Provides the data for the tensile test results in Supplementary Fig. S27a Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE cyclic tensile results - Provides the data for the cyclic tensile test results in Supplementary Fig. S27b - d Polyether paper dataset_Density - Provides the measured density results in Supplementary Table S17 -------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION -------------------------- Definitions: TPU: Thermoplastic polyurethane PUU: Poly(urethane urea) TPEE: Thermoplastic poly(ether ester) BDO: 1,4-Butanediol DMT: Dimethyl terephthalate Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was carried out on an Agilent 1260 Infinity II system with a refractive index detector. The eluent was THF with 2.0% v/v triethylamine and 0.05% w/v butylated hydroxytoluene inhibitor. Polystyrene standards (the peak molecular weight, Mp= 6570000, 3152000, 885000, 479200, 194500, 75050, 22790, 10330, 4880, 1210, 580 and 162 g mol–1) were used for calibration. Samples were doubly filtered before the tests using polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) syringe filters (pore size = 0.45 µm). The ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance AVIII spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm solution-state BBO probe with Z-gradient using CDCl3 as the solvent at 25 °C. For ¹H NMR spectroscopy, a resonance frequency of 400.13 MHz, excitation pulse of 30°, acquisition points of 64k, as well as spectral width of 20 ppm with 128 transients and 6 s relaxation delay were used. For ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, a resonance frequency of 100.2 MHz was used with the carbon-13 coupled with proton decoupling (C13-CPD) method and a 30° excitation pulse program of zgpg30 pulse sequence (2048 transients, 240 ppm spectral width, 64k FID size, 4 s recycle delay). For distortionless enhancement by polarisation transfer (DEPT) ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a resonance frequency of 100.6 MHz was used with the DEPT135 carbon-13 method and a 30° excitation pulse program of zg30 pulse sequence (256 scans, 16 ‒ 32 ppm spectral width, 4 s recycle delay). Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed on a Thermo Fisher Nicolet Apex with Smart iTX ATR accessory (500 – 4000 cm–1, resolution: 2 cm–1, and number of scans:16). For solid samples, a pressure of 180 N was applied by a built-in screw to extend the degree of sample contact on the diamond ATR crystal. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was done between −80 and 200 °C at a rate of 10 °C min-1. A TA Instruments Discovery DSC25 equipped with a RCS90 refrigeration system was employed in this study. Small disc samples were prepared by punching (8.67 ± 1.03 mg). The experiment was performed under a nitrogen atmosphere (50 ml min–1). Two Heating and cooling cycles were performed (2 cycles) including 2 min of isothermal between the cycles. The 2nd heating cycle was reported. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was acquired by a Malvern Panalytical X’Pert Pro Multi-Purpose X-ray Diffractometer (Cu Kα1; λ = 0.15406 nm; 45 kV; 40 mA; scan range: 5 – 65°; scan rate: 0.1° s–1). Elastomer samples were cryo-milled using Rondol 6850 cryogenic mill to obtain fine powder prior to the test. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out on a Perkin Elmer Pyris One between 25 to 800 °C at 10 °C min-1 under a nitrogen atmosphere (50 ml min–1). The sample weights were 5.8 – 6.4 mg. Quasi-static uniaxial tensile test was conducted by following ISO 37. Dumbbell specimens (thickness: 2.04 ± 0.09 mm, n = 5) were prepared by a cutting die (Ray-ran) after platen pressing. A Lloyd LS5 Material Tester equipped with a 500 N load cell was used at a tensile strain rate of 200 mm min-1. Cyclic tensile test was also performed by cyclically load tensile strain between 0 and 100% strain to the 100th cycles at a rate of 200 mm min-1 using a Lloyd LRX Material Tester equipped with a 50 N load cell. There was no extra recovery time between the cycles. The hysteresis ratio (h) at a certain cycle was calculated by the following equation; h=1-ed/ea, where ed is the dissipated energy calculated by the area between the loading and unloading curves and ea is the applied energy calculated by the area under the loading curve. Compression set was acquired according to ISO 815. Disk specimens (diameter: 12.7 ± 0.3 mm; thickness: 6.11 ± 0.02 mm; n = 3) were placed between rectangular stainless-steel plates with spacers (4.54 ± 0.01 mm). A thin coating of silicone-free lubricant (Brand 61610) was applied on the contact points between the disk specimens and the stainless-steel plates. Compression strain of 25.8 ± 0.2% was used according to the standard. Test was performed at ambient temperature of 21 ± 2 °C. At the specific time interval of 24 and 72 h, the specimens were released and transferred to a bench to allow 30 min of recovery time. The thickness was then measured. The compression set was calculated by the following equation; Compression set= (h0-h1)/(h0-hs)×100 (%), where t0 is the initial thickness of the specimens, t1 is the thickness after recovery, and ts is the height of spacers. Hardness was measured according to ISO 48 with Shore type A and D indenters (Coats Machine Tool). Test was performed at an ambient laboratory temperature of 21 ± 1 °C. A test time of 15 s was used as recommended by the standard. The test pieces (thickness: 6.06 ± 0.19 mm) were prepared by a platen press (Collin P200P). The indentation point was at least 20 mm away from any edge of the sample specimens. Ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy was performed on an Agilent Cary 60. The solid elastomer specimens with 2.01 – 2.04 mm in thickness were used, the spectra were calibrated by 0 and 100% absorption baselines at a resolution of 1 nm. The chemical stability was studied according to ISO 175. The disk specimens of each TPUs were prepared by punching (diameter: 5.94 – 5.99 mm, thickness: 1.92 – 2.03 mm, n = 3) and dried in a vacuum oven at 40 °C for 2 days until a constant weight was acquired. The specimens were then completely submerged in the following liquids in the sealed test tubes; distilled water (pH = 6.8), hydrochloric acid solution (pH = 3.8) and sodium hydroxide solution (pH = 9.8), acetone, ethanol and mineral oil. At day 1 and 7, the sample was removed from the liquids, dried by blotting with filter paper, and weighed using a four decimal scale. The test liquids were shaken once a day and replaced with fresh ones weekly following the standard. The test result was reported gravimetrically the following equation (5); Weight change= (Wday-Wini)/Wini ×100 (%), where Wini and Wday are the initial weight before degradation and the weight measured at the specific incubation day, respectively. A 4-decimal scale was used to measure the weights. Density (ρ) was measured from rectangular specimens. The specimens were dried in a vacuum oven at 40 °C for 24 h prior to the measurement. Specimen weights (m) were measured on a 4-decimal scale (Sartorious M-power). Dimensions: Width (w), height (h) and depth (d) were measured by a digital calliper with a 0.01 mm resolution (Mitutoyo CD-P15P) to calculate volume (V = w × h × d). The measurements were done at an ambient temperature of 20 ± 2 °C. The density was calculated by the following equation; ρ=m/V (g cm-3). Rheological data were collected using a TA instruments AR-G2 rheometer. Samples of a diameter of 20 mm and thickness of 1 mm were measured on parallel plates at angular frequencies between 0.05 – 628 rad s–1 at 140 °C. Data were analysed using Trios software. Dynamic mechanical and thermal analysis (DMA) was performed a Mettler Toledo DMA1 Star System across –80 to 80 °C at 5 °C min–1. Strip samples (length: 8.34 ± 0.70 mm, width: 7.11 ± 0.12 mm and thickness: 1.88 ± 0.32 mm) were loaded between clamps and a tensile displacement of 5 µm at 1.00 Hz was applied. Simulations were performed in ANSYS Polyflow using five mathematical models: generalised Newtonian (GN), simplified viscoelastic (SV), Giesekus (GSK), Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT) and POMPOM. A material model was produced by importing the data from rheological testing as well as density into Polyflow. An extruder model was designed and then meshed with the mesh consisting of 5534 nodes and 4298 elements, and a volume flow rate of 0.01106 cm3 s–1 was applied at the inlet. The outer surface of the polymer melt was treated as a free surface to allow for die swell to be shown. The viscoelastic models can provide a representation of die swell behaviour by the following equation where rmelt and rdie represent the radius of the melt and die respectively: Die swell = (rmelt-rdie)/rdie x 100% Methods for processing the data: Analysis of the data was carried out to find averages and standard deviations of the data Software or instrument-specific information needed to interpret the data: Origin 2024 and 2025b software was used to analyse the data Environmental/experimental conditions: Each test was carried out at room temperature in a standard environment unless specified Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: Each of the machines was consistently checked and calibrated to ensure it was working properly and that it was giving valid data People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Sungkwon Yoon, Charlie Bateman -------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION -------------------------- Polyether paper dataset_Polyether NMR - Provides the data for NMR analysis in Fig. 1c and d, as well as Supplementary Fig. S2 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 32768 - 65536 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Chemical shift / ppm Y - Intensity / unitless Chemical shift is a relevant resonant frequency of an atomic nucleaus to the standard under a magnetic field. This coressponds to a certain molecular structure. Intensity refers to the magnitude of a signal. Generally, the higher the intensity, the more protons (1H NMR) or carbons (13C NMR) contribute to the specific signal. Users working on polyether materials and polymer diols, especially to use them as a soft segment in elastomers may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Chemical shift and Intensity as X and Y axis) to analyse the peaks related to the chemical structure of the samples. Polyether paper dataset_Polyether FTIR - Provides the data for FTIR analysis in Fig. 1e and Supplementary Fig. S3 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 14935 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Wavenumber / cm-1 Y - Transmittance / % Wavenumber represents the number of wavelength per unit distance and is given in units of cm-1. Transmittance is the fraction of incident infrared light passed through the samples without being absorbed by the chemical bonds. This provides the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the polyether diols. Users working on polyether materials and polymer diols, especially to use them as a soft segment in elastomers may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Wavenumber and Transmittance as X and Y axis) to analyse the peaks related to the chemical functional groups in the samples. Polyether paper dataset_Polyether GPC - Provides the data for GPC analysis in Supplementary Fig. S4 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 517 - 696 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - logM / unitless Y - dw/dlogM / unitless The dw/dlogM shows the differential molecular weight distribution. When it is plotted against the logM, the logarithm of the molecular weight, it represents how the weights of molecules in samples are distributed. To use this, plot each set of columns (logM and dw/dlogM as X and Y axis) to analyse the molecular weight distribution of the samples. Polyether paper dataset_TPU NMR - Provides the data for NMR analysis in Fig. 2b and Supplementary Fig. S6 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 32768 - 65536 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Chemical shift / ppm Y - Intensity / unitless Chemical shift is a relevant resonant frequency of an atomic nucleaus to the standard under a magnetic field. This corresponds to a certain molecular structure. Intensity refers to the magnitude of a signal. Generally, the higher the intensity, the more protons (1H NMR) or carbons (13C NMR) contribute to the specific signal. Users working on TPU materials may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Chemical shift and Intensity as X and Y axis) to analyse the peaks related to the chemical structure of the samples. Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPU FTIR - Provides the data for FTIR analysis in Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. S7 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 15142 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Wavenumber / cm-1 Y - Transmittance / % Wavenumber represents the number of wavelength per unit distance and is given in units of cm-1. Transmittance is the fraction of incident infrared light passed through the samples without being absorbed by the chemical bonds. This provides the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the TPU products. Users working on TPU materials may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Wavenumber and Transmittance as X and Y axis) to analyse the peaks related to the chemical functional groups in the samples. Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPU GPC - Provides the data for GPC analysis in Supplementary Fig. S8 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 589 - 739 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - logM / unitless Y - dw/dlogM / unitless The dw/dlogM shows the differential molecular weight distribution. When it is plotted against the logM, the logarighm of the molecular weight, it represents how the weights of molecules in samples are distributed. To use this, plot each set of columns (logM and dw/dlogM as X and Y axis) to analyse the molecular weight distribution of the samples. Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPU UV-vis - Provides the data for UV-vis analysis in Supplementary Fig. S9 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 601 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Wavelength / nm Y - Absorbance / a. u. (arbitrary unit) This provides the information on how much light was absorbed by the sample within the wavelength range of the incident light, indicative to the transparency of the sample. To use this, plot each set of columns (Wavelength and Absorbance as X and Y axis) to analyse the molecular weight distribution of the samples. Polyether paper dataset_TPU DSC - Provides the data for DSC analysis in Fig. 2d and Supplementary Fig. S10 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 16803 - 16842 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Temperature / °C Y - Heat Flow (Endo up) / W g-1 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) data provides the thermal transitional behaviours of elastomer samples, such as the glass transition and melting. The heat flow represents the energy absorption or release by the sample in a pan, compared to the empty reference pan. Users working on TPU elastomers and thermal transitions in elastomers may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Temperature and Heat flow as X and Y axis). Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPE XRD - Provides the data for XRD analysis in Supplementary Fig. S11 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 3529 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - 2θ / degree Y - Intensity / a. u. (arbitrary unit) 2θ is the scattering angle between the incident and reflected X-ray beams and given in units of degree. Intensity is related to the scattering power of atoms in the crystalline structures of materials. This provides the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of elastomers showing their amorphous peaks. To use this, plot each set of columns (2θ and Intensity as X and Y axis). Sample name LMM (TPU): L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols, M for MDI, and M for medium hard segment ratio. PUU: polyurethane urea. EEH (TPEE): thermoplastic polyether-ester with the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate. Polyether paper dataset_Chemical stability - Provides the data for the chemical stability test in Supplementary Table S4 Number of variables: 6 Number of cases/rows: 45 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X1 - Sample name / SIL, LMM, PUU, EEH and LHH X2 - Sample number / 1 to 3, representing the number of samples per each sample name Y1 - In acid water / mg Y2 - In neutral water / mg Y3 - In base water / mg Y4 - In mineral oil / mg The dataset represents the measured weight (in mg) of each sample name and number, in four different test conditions of acid, neutral and base water, as well as mineral oil, in three different incubation time; initial weight (day 0), day 1 and day 7. The sample name SIL represents a TPU with a short polyether diol, isophorone diisocyanate and low hard segment content. LMM is a TPU with a long polyether diol, 4,4′-Methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) and medium hard segment content. PUU is a poly(urethane urea). EEH is a poly(ether ester) elastomer with a high hard segment content. LHH is a TPU with a long polyether diol, 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) and high hard segment content. Users working on chemical stability of polymers and elastomers as well as polymer products that require specific chemical resistance may find this useful. Polyether paper dataset_TPU TGA - Provides the data for TGA in Fig. 2e, as well as Supplementary Fig. S13 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 3751 - 17162 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Temperature / °C Y - Weight / % Weight is the residual weight of samples at a specific heating temperature and given in percentages, %, of the initial weight of 100%. This provides the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results of TPUs. Users working on TPU materials and thermal stability and degradation of polymers may find this useful. To use this, plot Temperature and Weight as X and Y axis to provide the information on thermal stability and decomposition behaviours. Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPU tensile results - Provides the data for the tensile test results in Fig. 3b and c, as well as Supplementary Fig. S14 and S15 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 987 - 999 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Tensile strain / % Y - Tensile stress / MPa For each TPU formulation, 5 sample specimens were tested. Tensile strain is the deformation of a specimen under tension, expressed as a percentage (%) of its original length. Tensile stress is a force applied per unit cross-sectional area of a sample specimen and given in units of MPa, megapascal. This provides the tensile test results of TPU elastomers. Users working on TPU elastomers and their mechanical properties may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Tensile strain and Tensile stress as X and Y axis) to draw a tensile stress-strain curve. This represents the relationship between tensile stress and strain in the tested samples. Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPU cyclic tensile results - Provides the data for the cyclic tensile test results in Fig. 3d and f, as well as Supplementary Fig. S16 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 100 - 112 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Tensile strain / % Y - Tensile stress / MPa This dataset represents cyclic tensile test results which describes how the sample behaves under repeated tensile forces. Users working on the fatigue, strain softening, stiffness changes, number of loadings before failure, materials' lifespan in applications where the material is subjected to a repeated cyclic pulling force. To use this, plot each cycle of each sample of interest individually (Tensile strain as X and Tensile stress as Y). Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPU compression set - Provides the data for the compression set results in Fig. 3e Number of variables: 3 Number of cases/rows: 3 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Sample types: LIH, LMH and LHH Y1 - Compression set at 24 h / % Y2 - Compression set at 72 h / % Compression set is the measurement of samples permanent deformation after being compressed for a prolonged time and released. Users working on TPU materials and elastomers may find this useful. To use this, plot the average (denoted as avg) and standard deviation (denoted as std) of compression set values of interest (24 h or 72 h) for each sample type. The sample type; LIH, is a TPU with a long polyether diol, isophorone diisocyanate and high hard segment content. LMH is a TPU with a long polyether diol, 4,4′-Methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) and high hard segment content. LHH is a TPU with a long polyether diol, 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) and high hard segment content. Polyether paper dataset_TPU DMA - Provides the data for DMA in Fig. 4a and b, as well as Supplementary Fig. S17 Number of variables: 4 Number of cases/rows: 178 - 202 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Temperature / °C Y1 - Storage modulus, E' / MPa Y2 - Loss modulus, E'' /MPa Y3 - Tanδ / unitless Storage modulus represents the samples' elastic, solid like behaviour, their ability to store energy when deformed and release it at the removal of the deforming force. Loss modulus is related to their viscous, liquid-like behaviour, the internal energy dissipation as heat. The Tanδ is Loss modulus/Storage modulus, the ratio between them. The higher tanδ indicates more damping-like behaviour. The lower tanδ indicates more elastic behaviour. The users working on elastomers and dampening materials may find this useful. plot each set of columns; Temperature as X axis and Storage modulus, Loss modulus and Tanδ as Y axis. Preferably, Tanδ can be plotted with a different scale to the Storage and Loss modulus. Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyether paper dataset_TPU rheology test - Provides the data for the rheology test results in Fig. 4c and d, as well as Supplementary Fig. S18 Number of variables: 5 Number of cases/rows: 38 - 41 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Sample types: LHH, LIM and SIM X1 - Angular frequency / rad s-1 Y1 - Storage modulus / MPa Y2 - Loss modulus / MPa Y3 - Complex Viscosity / Pa s This dataset represents rheology test results on three different formulations. Users working on polymer rheology and processing may find this useful. To use this, plot Storage modulus, Loss modulus, or Complex Viscosity against Angular frequency, independently for each sample type. Polyether paper dataset_TPU die swell simulation using five models - Provides the data for the simulation results in Fig. 4e and f, as well as Supplementary Fig. S19 Number of variables: 6 Number of cases/rows: 6 - 19 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: Five mathematical models: generalised Newtonian (GN), simplified viscoelastic (SV), Giesekus (GSK), Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT) and POMPOM Pressure drop (denoted as Pressure) X1 - Distance through die / cm Y1 - Pressure / MPa Velocity gradient (denoted as Velocity) X2 - Distance from centre / cm Y2 - Velocity / cm s-1 Die swell radius (denoted as Radius) X3 - Radius / cm Y3 - Radius / cm This data represents simulation results on die swell using five different mathematical models on LHH TPU: generalised Newtonian (GN), simplified viscoelastic (SV), Giesekus (GSK), Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT) and POMPOM. Users working on polymer processing, processing simulation and die swell may find this useful. To use this plot Pressure drop, Velocity gradient or Die swell radius separately using X and Y for each category for each mathematical model. Polyether paper dataset_TPU die swell simulation using PTT model - Provides the data for the simulation results in Supplementary Fig. S20 Number of variables: 6 Number of cases/rows: 6 - 10 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: Three TPUs studied: LHH, LIM and SIM Pressure drop (denoted as Pressure) X1 - Distance through die / cm Y1 - Pressure / MPa Velocity gradient (denoted as Velocity) X2 - Distance from centre / cm Y2 - Velocity / cm s-1 Die swell radius (denoted as Radius) X3 - Radius / cm Y3 - Radius / cm This data represents simulation results on die swell using PTT mathematical model on three different TPUs; LHH, LIM and SIM. Users working on polymer processing, processing simulation and die swell may find this useful. To use this plot Pressure drop, Velocity gradient or Die swell radius separately using X and Y for each category for each TPU formulation. Polyether paper dataset_TPU tubing tensile result - Provides the data for the tensile test result of a tubing in Supplementary Fig. S22 Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 1999 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Tensile strain / % Y - Tensile stress / MPa Total 5 sample specimens were tested. One of them was used as a representative curve drawn in the relevant figure. Tensile strain is the deformation of a specimen under tension, expressed as a percentage (%) of its original length. Tensile stress is a force applied per unit cross-sectional area of a sample specimen and given in units of MPa, megapascal. Users working on mechanical properties of elastic tubing products may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Tensile strain and Tensile stress as X and Y axis) to draw a tensile stress-strain curve. This represents the relationship between tensile stress and strain in the tested samples. Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE NMR - Provides the data for NMR analysis in Supplementary Fig. S25a umber of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 32768 - 65536 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Chemical shift / ppm Y - Intensity / unitless Chemical shift is a relevant resonant frequency of an atomic nucleaus to the standard under a magnetic field. This corresponds to a certain molecular structure. Intensity refers to the magnitude of a signal. Generally, the higher the intensity, the more protons (1H NMR) or carbons (13C NMR) contribute to the specific signal. Users working on elastomers may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Chemical shift and Intensity as X and Y axis) to analyse the peaks related to the chemical structure of the samples. Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate. Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE FTIR - Provides the data for FTIR analysis in Supplementary Fig. S25b Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 14935 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Wavenumber / cm-1 Y - Transmittance / % Wavenumber represents the number of wavelength per unit distance and is given in units of cm-1. Transmittance is the fraction of incident infrared light passed through the samples without being absorbed by the chemical bonds. This provides the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the PUU and TPEE elastomer products. Users working on the relevant elastomer materials may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Wavenumber and Transmittance as X and Y axis) to analyse the peaks related to the chemical functional groups in the samples. Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate. Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE DSC - Provides the data for DSC analysis in Supplementary Fig. S26a and b Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 16854 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Temperature / °C Y - Heat Flow (Endo up) / W g-1 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) data provides the thermal transitional behaviours of elastomer samples, such as the glass transition and melting. The heat flow represents the energy absorption or release by the sample in a pan, compared to the empty reference pan. Users working on TPU elastomers and thermal transitions in elastomers may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Temperature and Heat flow as X and Y axis). Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate. Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE TGA - Provides the data for TGA in Supplementary Fig. S26c Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 570- 571 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Temperature / °C Y - Weight / % Weight is the residual weight of samples at a specific heating temperature and given in percentages, %, of the initial weight of 100%. This provides the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results of TPUs. Users working on thermal stability and degradation of elastomers may find this useful. To use this, plot Temperature and Weight as X and Y axis to provide the information on thermal stability and decomposition behaviours. Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate. Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE DMA - Provides the data for DMA in Supplementary Fig. S26d and e Number of variables: 4 Number of cases/rows: 179 - 180 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Temperature / °C Y1 - Storage modulus, E' / MPa Y2 - Loss modulus, E'' / MPa Y3 - Tanδ / unitless Storage modulus represents the samples' elastic, solid like behaviour, their ability to store energy when deformed and release it at the removal of the deforming force. Loss modulus is related to their viscous, liquid-like behaviour, the internal energy dissipation as heat. The Tanδ is Loss modulus/Storage modulus, the ratio between them. The higher tanδ indicates more damping-like behaviour. The lower tanδ indicates more elastic behaviour. The users working on elastomers and dampening materials may find this useful. plot each set of columns; Temperature as X axis and Storage modulus, Loss modulus and Tanδ as Y axis. Preferably, Tanδ can be plotted with a different scale to the Storage and Loss modulus. The sample PUU is the poly(urethane urea). The sample EEH is a type of TPEEs (Thermoplastic poly(ehter ester)) with a high hard segment content. Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE tensile results - Provides the data for the tensile test results in Supplementary Fig. S27a Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 993 - 999 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Tensile strain / % Y - Tensile stress / MPa For each elastomer formulation, 5 sample specimens were tested. Tensile strain is the deformation of a specimen under tension, expressed as a percentage (%) of its original length. Tensile stress is a force applied per unit cross-sectional area of a sample specimen and given in units of MPa, megapascal. This provides the tensile test results of TPU elastomers. Users working on TPU elastomers and their mechanical properties may find this useful. To use this, plot each set of columns (Tensile strain and Tensile stress as X and Y axis) to draw a tensile stress-strain curve. This represents the relationship between tensile stress and strain in the tested samples. Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate. Polyether paper dataset_PUU and TPEE cyclic tensile results - Provides the data for the cyclic tensile test results in Supplementary Fig. S27b - d Number of variables: 2 Number of cases/rows: 102 - 180 Variable list, defining any abbreviations, units of measure, codes or symbols used: X - Tensile strain / % Y - Tensile stress / MPa This dataset represents cyclic tensile test results which describes how the sample behaves under repeated tensile forces. Users working on the fatigue, strain softening, stiffness changes, number of loadings before failure, materials' lifespan in applications where the material is subjected to a repeated cyclic pulling force. To use this, plot each cycle of each sample of interest individually (Tensile strain as X and Tensile stress as Y). Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate. Polyether paper dataset_Density - Provides the measured density results in Supplementary Table S17 Number of variables: 6 Number of cases/rows: 15 X - Sample type Y1 - Width / mm Y2 - Depth / mm Y3 - Height / mm Y4 - Weight / mm Y5 - Density / g cm-3 The density values of each elastomer formulation were measured by measuring the sample weight, divided by the volume (width x depth x height). The measurement was done three times and calculated density is represented by average and standard deviation. Sample names of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers are presented as XYZ in this study, where X represents S for the short (7 h) or L for the long (19 h) synthesis time of the used polyether diols. Y stands for the chosen diisocyanate species in the hard segment: I for IPDI, M for MDI and H for HMDI. Z tells the hard segment molar ratio: L for low, M for medium and H for high ratios. For instance, the sample named SML was synthesised with the polyether diol with the short synthesis time of 7 h. MDI was used in the hard segment. The hard segment molar ratio was relatively low amongst the TPU formulations in this study. Polyurethane urea is abbreviated into PUU. Sample names of thermoplastic polyether-ester (TPEE) elastomers are presented EEL or EEH. EEL has the lower hard segment molar ratio of 1:0.28:1.16 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), whereas EEH has the higher hard segment molar ratio of 1:3.9:5.4 (polyether diol:BDO:DMT), where BDO is 1,4-butanediol and DMT is dimethyl terephthalate.